1. What are the benefits and drawbacks of observation systems designed for both teacher development and evaluation?
2. How do teachers view the use of student growth on standardized assessments in their evaluation?
3. What are the successes and challenges related to training and communication?
4. How do principals understand and describe their capacity to manage classroom observation workloads?
This report finds that the overwhelming majority of teachers and principals in Chicago Public Schools (CPS) believe the overhaul of the district’s teacher evaluation system has promoted teacher growth and instructional improvement; however, teachers also voiced concerns about some elements of the evaluation system, particularly the use of student test scores as a factor in teacher ratings.
This report is part of a joint study by the UChicago Consortium in collaboration with CPS and the Chicago Teachers Union of REACH (Recognizing Educators Advancing CHicago) Students—CPS’s teacher evaluation system implemented during the 2012-2013 school year. Chicago, the largest district in the nation to put in place a rigorous new system for measuring teacher effectiveness, has become a national test case for revamping teacher evaluation. More than 40 states, including Illinois, have passed legislation in the last few years mandating the evaluation of teachers based on a combination of student performance and the close examination of teacher practice. States and districts have adopted these new systems in response to a number of factors, including a growing body of research on the importance of teacher quality and incentives from the U.S. Department of Education.
This report, the first in a series of reports about REACH, uses survey data and interviews to focus on the perceptions and experiences of teachers and administrators during the first year of REACH implementation. These experiences can be helpful to CPS and to other districts across the country as they work to restructure and transform teacher evaluation.
Major findings include:
Teachers and administrators found the observation process useful for improving instruction.
- The overwhelming majority of teachers and administrators surveyed believed the observation process supports teacher growth, identifies areas of strength and weakness, and has improved the quality of professional conversations between them.
- A large majority of teachers believed their evaluator is fair and unbiased and able to assess their instruction accurately.
Teachers are hesitant about the use of student growth on assessments to evaluate their classroom performance.
- More than half of teachers surveyed believe REACH relies too heavily on student test scores to measure teacher effectiveness.
- Nearly one-third of teachers who responded to an open-ended question about what they found most problematic about REACH identified the student growth component and the assessments used to measure student growth.
District communication with teachers and administrators is an area for improvement.
- Many teachers interviewed were confused about how student growth would factor into their ratings. While student growth does not account for more than 25 percent of any teacher’s evaluation this year, many thought that the majority of their evaluation hinged on test scores.
- Teachers primarily relied on their administrators for information about REACH; yet, more than 60 percent of administrators expressed a weak or moderate understanding of how the different components of REACH were combined into a final summative rating for teachers.
REACH places considerable demands on administrators' time and capacity.
- Based on the amount of time administrators reported spending on each observation, and the average number of observations performed by each administrator, the typical elementary administrator spent 120 hours (the equivalent of two full weeks) solely on teacher evaluation while the average high school administrator spent 168 hours (or roughly three full weeks).
- Some administrators reported having to sacrifice other duties, including working directly with students and parents and participating in departmental meetings, in order to fulfill duties around teacher evaluation.
